Synthesis of Water-Soluble Polyethylene Glycol Fumarates for Biomedical Applications

Abstract

Polyethylene glycol fumarate (PEGF) with controlled structural composition has been obtained for further synthesis of double network cross-linked hydrogels for biomedical applications. The copolymer has been synthesized by polycondensation reaction of fumaric acid and polyethylene glycol (PEG-600). Molecular weight of PEGF has been determined by gel permeation chromatography to be approximately 6000 Da with gel permeation chromatography. The polycondensation of fumaric acid and PEG-600 was studied throughout the reaction process. The structure of the reaction product has been evidenced using FTIR- and 1H NMRspectroscopy. The quantitative ratios of the amount of –C=C– bonds and –COO groups to –C=O groups in the obtained PEGF have been estimated from IR-spectra for different synthesis time. The time-dependence of molar ratio of double bonds to methyl groups in PEGF has been obtained from corresponding 1H NMRspectra. FTIR and 1H NMR-spectroscopy, both, demonstrate that after the end of reaction the unsaturated –C=C– double bonds remain in the structure of the macromonomer, that is essential for further preparation of cross-linked hydrogels. The addition of the tightly cross-linked network of polyvinyl alcohol leads to formation of highly tough biocompatible material for preparation of the artificial meniscus which can further be used as a solution in the treatment of diseases such as osteoarthritis.