Features of the distribution of vegetation cover depending on the physical and geographical location of the northern part of the Kazakh Uplands

Abstract

In the article the peculiarity of the distribution of vegetation cover, due to the natural landscape specifics of the lands of Kazakhstan was noted. In this regard, the object under study — the northern part of Saryarka, is characterized by physical and geographical features: landscape structure, soil cover, climatic indicators. In accordance with these data, the soil cover is characteristic, where the distribution of the plant world is characteristic. This connection is based on the regularity of the unity of the natural complex. This object is a fundamental factor in the relief of the country due to its geological specificity. Accordingly, it includes several natural zones, parts of zones that differ from its constituent parts. Because of this, the composition of the vegetation cover has a great difference in distribution from north to south. The above ground part of the region is rich in water sources and a variety of vegetation. In the south, this diversity is scantier and on the desolate steppes passes into the Tipchakovo-kovylny district. This is due to the fact that the chernozem of the North reduces fertility and in places becomes saline litter. Also, such variability is strongly influenced by climate change from west to east. The amount of precipitation decreases, and the temperature index increases. Depending on this factor, the region is divided into 3 parts: hilly steppes, dry steppes and desert steppes. The landscape structure consists mainly of: clay-loamy shale, effusions. The paper analyzes the main zonal species and edaphic orders of the steppe part of the Kazakh Uplands. It presents the main representatives of lowland communities: calcifite, petrophyte types. Although the year of publication of the maps used in the work, the relevance took place.