A Novel Numerical Scheme for a Class of Singularly Perturbed Differential-Difference Equations with a Fixed Large Delay

Abstract

A trigonometric spline based computational technique is suggested for the numerical solution of layer behavior differential-difference equations with a fixed large delay. The continuity of the first order derivative of the trigonometric spline at the interior mesh point is used to develop the system of difference equations. With the help of singular perturbation theory, a fitting parameter is inserted into the difference scheme to minimize the error in the solution. The method is examined for convergence. We have also discussed the impact of shift or delay on the boundary layer. The maximum absolute errors in comparison to other approaches in the literature are tallied, and layer behavior is displayed in graphs, to demonstrate the feasibility of the suggested numerical method.