Alikhan Bukeikhan’s philosophy of independence (cultural and philosophical analysis)

Abstract

The beginning of the XX century was a time of aggravation of the land problem for the Kazakh people. At this time, the Kazakh intelligentsia, who were engaged in Enlightenment, began to actively act. Alikhan Bukeikhan was the head of the government of Alashorda, who managed to mobilize Kazakh students not only in the educational, but also in the political struggle to work in the interests of the nation. The article discusses the philosophy of independence of Alikhan Bokeikhan in a historical and cultural context. The authors of the article take into account topical issues of political, economic, educational, organizational, cultural activities of A. Bokeikhan using the example of historical data and memorable notes. Thanks to his political insight, he managed to preserve our land by uniting Kazakh intellectuals, so that it would not be swallowed up or destroyed by the policy of the Empire. Archival data show that Alikhan’s political influence was strong even during his imprisonment. Intellectuals of such Turkic countries as fraternal Turkish, Tatar, Bashkir, Uzbek, Kyrgyz took Alikhan’s philosophy of independence as an example. In the article, an attempt is made to understand the high level of political philosophy of A. Bukeikhan and his relationship with external forces is considered. Among the intellectuals of Russia, historical figures who have established close relations are indicated by the reference table. The article systematically defines a holistic picture of the political philosophy of the head of Alashorda, regardless of the period of his life, such as participation in regional expeditions, membership in the cadet party, joining the organization of Freemasons, becoming a Duma deputy, imprisonment, persecution in historical context. The content of the article deals with the stages of development of political philosophy of Alikhan Bukeikhan, his contribution to independence, his activity towards the unification of the Kazakh people in a cultural and philosophical context.