Directions for increasing the effective use of regional hydropower sector on the basis of the construction of small hydroelectric stations (on the example of the East Kazakhstan region)

Abstract

The article considered theoretical aspects of the substantiation of the hydroelectric stations construction in the East Kazakhstan region. The important role of hydro-energetics in the economic and social sphere of any country, which is one of the basic branches of the economy, is shown. It was noted that as a result of violation of financial obligations of the population and enterprises, there were massive disconnections of them from centralized power supply (in small settlements and farms located in the foothill zone, power transmission lines of which were disconnected or even destroyed, which led to a sharp increase in the combustion of solid carbon fuel, chaotic deforestation of forest plantations). The world experience of the maximum deployment of the hydro-potential of a number of countries was studied, even in the presence of alternative energy resources. The hydro-potential of the Republic of Kazakhstan has been identified. The specific features of a particular region have been studied from the point of view of providing it with electricity. A sociological study was conducted of the need to build a small hydroelectric station on the territory of the East Kazakhstan region to solve the problems linked with supplying electricity of the hard-to-reach territories in the region, including providing it to rural consumers and facilities of distant-pasture cattle rearing, mining and exploration facilities, tourist complexes and other facilities. A choice of an alternative hydraulic structure was selected using the hierarchical analysis method to justify the construction of a small hydroelectric station on the Yazovayriver and calculate its installed capacity. The economic substantiation of the innovation project is given, the main types of risks associated with its implementation are identified.