History of the colonization of the Kazakh steppe by the Russian Empire (XVIII-XIX)

Abstract

The coloniza􀆟on of Kazakh lands by the Russian Empire in the XVIII-XIX centuries had a determining influence on the forma􀆟on of modern Kazakhstan. A deep understanding of the colonial past is important for comprehending modern problems of Kazakhstan. The aim is to give a holis􀆟c picture of the process of coloniza􀆟on of Kazakh lands, with a focus on the view and role of the Kazakh people. The strategic, geopoli􀆟cal and economic mo􀆟ves of the expansion are revealed, and the periodiza􀆟on of the coloniza􀆟on of Kazakh lands is given. The methods of establishing control, coloniza􀆟on, and management strategies are analysed.