Substitutiоn оf thermаl-technicаl аnd geоmetric pаrаmeters оf а smаll-scаle biоgаs plаnt

Abstract

This article is devoted to the issues of justification of thermal-technical and geometric parameters for small-scale biogas devices. The growing demand for sustainable and renewable energy resources has increased the importance of biogas technologies, particularly at the small-scale level for rural and agricultural applications. However, the efficiency and stability of biogas production largely depend on the thermal-technical conditions of the digester and the optimization of its geometric parameters. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of substituting thermal-technical and geometric parameters on the performance of a small-scale biogas plant. The research object is a laboratory-scale biogas digester with adjustable design features. Methodologically, the work is based on mathematical modeling, computational analysis, and experimental validation of heat transfer and mass balance processes inside the digester. From the results of the resulting study, it can be seen that the methods of determining the optimal geometric dimensions (diameter and length) of the bioreactor structure and reducing heat losses have been analyzed. Mathematical modeling methods have been used to calculate the optimal reactor diameter for various thermal insulation thicknesses and biomass dosing, and the optimal diameter for a 30 m3 bioreactor is 2800 mm, while the length is 4900 mm, the proportion of biomass in the reactor volume is expressed by the central sector angle.