The Path of Formation of the National Professional Theater at the Beginning in the 20-30s of the XX Century: Historical Analysis

Abstract

In the 20-30s of the ХХ century in Kazakhstan, the Soviet government, along with social and political initiatives, also carried out cultural and educational activities. One of such significant activities was the opening of the Kazakh National Professional Theater. The creation of the first Kazakh dramatic theater is an important event in the development of our culture that concentrated many outstanding artists. In this regard, the article considers the process of formation of the Kazakh national theater in 20-30 years of the twentieth century in the framework of socio-historical changes in Kazakhstan. The article considers the path of professional growth of the first actors of the National Drama Theater, the contribution of the first playwrights and directors to the development of the theater. The authors of this article identified a number of problems in the creation of the national theater, and this problem was related to the lack of female actresses. The authors described the first tours of the national theater between countries, the merits of directors in the professional improvement of actors. Special attention is paid to the first theater groups, the first professional actors, their repertoire policy, which, in turn, allows to reveal the development of theater as a major part of the national consciousness. The authors analyzed the influence of political-social, cultural factors on the development of the national theater itself; on the basis of the memorable works of the first actors the peculiarities of the development of the national theater to the professional level were considered. The results of the study allow a deeper understanding of the cultural transformation of Kazakh society in the 20-30 years of the twentieth century. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that it provides, for the first time, an analysis of the historical process of the formation and development of the national professional theater in Kazakhstan during the 1920s–1930s.