Philosophy of “qily zaman”: social change and human values

Abstract

The article aims to conduct an in-depth exploration of the significance of the concept of “Qily zaman” (“difficult times”) in Kazakh philosophy and a comprehensive analysis of its impact on human worldview and values during periods of complex historical changes. In the traditional understanding of the Kazakh people, “zaman” is characterized by changeability and instability, and the ability to comprehend it plays an important role in determining future times. One such challenging period, which has held a special place in the historical consciousness of the Kazakh people, is the era of “qily zaman”. This work examines the impact of social, political, and cultural changes brought about by “qily zaman” on human consciousness and values. To analyze the meaning of the philosophy of “qily zaman” in a specific historical context, the national liberation uprising of 1916 in Kazakh lands, which has remained in the people’s memory as “qily zaman”, is considered. The character of the uprising is analyzed based on M. Auezov’s historical novel “Qily zaman”. This work examines the people’s pursuit of freedom, the revival of faith in the future, the renewal of national consciousness, and the rethinking of the meaning of life and perspectives on the future. In complex historical conditions, the philosophy of “qily zaman” is revealed as an aspiration to reevaluate the values of human life.