Definition, typology and socio-legal nature of corruption offenses

Abstract

This article is considering socio-economic reasons of corruptive criminal offenses in Kazakhstan. The authors analyze the origin of the concept of corruption in the etymological sense. At the same time, the authors give an original explanation of the reasons that caused the rapid growth of corruption offenses in the post-Soviet region, which in its scale plays a destructive role in the development of economic relations, attracting foreign investment and developing institutions of civil society. The authors made an attempt to classify the socioeconomic, legal and political causes of corruption offenses on the basis of analysis of the development of public institutions, relations, scientific works of a number of independent researchers. Also, an attempt is made to draw parallels between the former union republics, where corruption phenomena have manifested themselves in different ways. The authors note superficiality and nomenclatural nature of studies conducted in the post-soviet space, results of which in most cases cannot correlate with actual state of affairs. Periodicity of combating corruption, strong influence on the campaign against crime, including against corruption, have a negative impact on other spheres of public life, also on making decision by government.