Legal regulation of migration processes: regional experience and legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Abstract

Migration processes are of specific significance within the Republic of Kazakhstan, and national policies attach great importance to their development, including with regard to legal regulation. The urgency of the problem is due to the fact that the most important and least solvable problem of migration legislation is directly related to its ability to coordinate a wide range of social problems. This is mainly related to the issues of entry of foreign citizens and stateless persons, as well as the legal or illegal stay of these persons in foreign countries. At the regional level, measures aimed at combating the problem of illegal migration represent a set of effective immigration legislation, its prevention and enforcement. Therefore, the article attempts to identify and analyze the legal and regulatory basis of migration policy of the European Union (hereinafter — EU), the Eurasian Economic Union (hereinafter — EAEC), the Commonwealth of Independent States (hereinafter — CIS). The regulation of migration processes in Kazakhstan was examined through an analysis of the Republic of Kazakhstan’s migration policy and the existing foreign policy tools for managing international migration. Furthermore, the effective practices of regional organizations in handling migration flows were discussed, along with suggestions for enhancing the management of migration processes in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Based on the assessment of the preferences and drawbacks of the migration process in the Republic of Kazakhstan, it has been determined that there is a necessity to enhance the legal frameworks for executing national migration policies. Moreover, there’s a have to be support collaboration between Kazakhstan and CIS and EAEC member states through bilateral and multilateral agreements to prevent illegal labour migration.