Some issues of obtaining the citizenship of the Russian Empire by the Kazakh Khanate

Abstract

Today, despite the large number of works and data of domestic historians and other scientists who studied about the citizenship of the Kazakh Khanate of the Russian Empire, there are still different opinions about its causes and consequences. As an additional study of these and other issues, this article tells about the formation of the Kazakh Khanate in 1465 after the separation of the sultans Kerey and Zhanibek together with their subordinates and the submission to the Khan Abulkhair, after which the khanate power was perceived by the public consciousness as a symbol of statehood, historical continuity in the organization of society, and an integral part of the world order, a guarantee of the well-being of the entire Kazakh Khanate, and the influence of countries adjacent to the Kazakh Khanate at that time, the incessant attacks of the Dzungarian Khanate, which forced the Kazakh Khanate to make a difficult decision, which later influenced the life of the country, information about Abylai Khan, who managed to unite three zhuzs in the Dzungarian offensive, the actions of the Kazakh sultans, later the oath of the Russian queen Anna Ioanovna, the entry of the first Russian expedition into the Kazakh land, the construction of military castles, the place of the Kazakh country in foreign policy and general political and social actions in the future on the Kazakh land are given. As a result of the research work on this topic, it can be said that altough the Kazakh Khanate obtained the Russian Empire, the Kazakh people always had their own attempts to gain independence, sovereignty and dreams of citizenship.