Selecting sterilization conditions for the explants of different potato varieties to be in vitro introduced into the culture

Abstract

An explant is a fragment o f plant tissue or organ that is incubated on its own or used to produce a primary callus. The introduction o f any plant’s tissues into the culture in vitro begins with the selection o f an uninfected viable explant. The authors presented the results o f the effect o f various sterilizing agents as well as the treatment timing on the viability o f plant explants during microclonal propagation o f potatoes o f the following varieties: Aladin, Gala, Nevsky, Udacha and Kostanay Novosti. The meristem sprouts from potato tubers were used as parent material. The following commercial sterilizing agents were used: Bleach (Belizna), Tween 20, Lyzoformin 3000, 96 % ethyl alcohol. The influence of sterilizing agents as well as the timing of the treatment on the viability of explants and their contamination is analyzed. As a result o f the experiments, it has been found that the most effective sterilizing agent is the 3 % bleach and 96 % ethyl alcohol with exposure duration o f 10 minutes. Based on the results o f the experiment, it is proposed to use the 3 % bleach with an exposure time o f 10 minutes as the main sterilizing agent, and the 96 % ethyl alcohol as some pretreatment o f explants to reduce surface contamination. The authors believe that the 96 % ethyl alcohol is the best option for sterilizing solutions since it is a non-toxic, gentle method o f sterilization with minimum damage of the plant material tissues.