Сomparative analysis of the development of world capitals

Abstract

Knowledge of the history and future of the capital, the attitude of young people to the phenomenality of Astana, the role of Astana in the life of citizens of the kazakh country, its importance in the state are determined as an important indicator of the socio-cultural significance of Astana. Interest in the capital brought new genres and directions (philosophical, cultural, demographic, political science, sociological, historical and architectural) in the study of the city. The article presents a scientific concept of the formation and development of world metropolitan cities in domestic cultural studies (by types of world metropolitan cities, by economic indicators of capitals, by geographical location of metropolitan cities, by multicultural, architectural appearance, cultural cities). Also, on the basis of comparativist analysis, a description of the common important parameters in the development of capitals at the present stage (their structure as a capital, cultural and economic development, architecture, science and education, religious features) was given. In domestic and foreign studies, a critical analysis of the characteristics given to the socio-cultural phenomenon of the city by various branches of the humanities was carried out and new methodological directions in the study of the city (urbanistic, socio-cultural, social ecology, philosophical, existentialist, metaphysical, semiotic) were revealed. In the presented work, the first comprehensive analysis was made in the fields of humanitarian sciences related to the issue of cultural and civilizational formation and development of Astana.